Faradex Partners Battery Market Intelligence
♻ End-of-Life
EU Battery Regulation mandatory producer responsibility for collection of portable batteries above 45 percent by weight from 2023 rising to 73 percent by 2030 creates the first statutory collection infrastructure requirement that forces OEM and cell manufacturer investment in reverse logistics networks
Battery Recycling Collection and Logistics Market, By Battery Type, By Collection Model, By Logistics Service, By Region
Report ID: FDX-EOL-012   |   Published: Q2 2026   |   Pages: 158
Market Size 2025
USD 1.87 Bn
Base Year
Market Size 2035
USD 8.14 Bn
Forecast Year
CAGR 2026-2035
15.8%
Compound Annual
Leading Type
EV Battery Packs
2025
Leading Region
Asia Pacific
2025 Revenue Share
Section 01
Market Synopsis
Global Market Revenue Trajectory (USD) // 2025-2035
2025
USD 1.87 Bn
2027
USD 2.51 Bn
2029
USD 3.36 Bn
2031
USD 4.49 Bn
2033
USD 6.01 Bn
2035
USD 8.14 Bn
15.8%CAGR 2026-2035
Global Battery Recycling Collection and Logistics Market Revenue, 2025-2035 (USD Billion)
Base Year 2025 | CAGR 15.8% | Source: Faradex Partners, Company Filings
ⓘ Revenue estimates based on disclosed capacity data and primary panel calibration.

The global battery recycling collection and logistics market size was USD 1.87 Billion in 2025 and is expected to register a revenue CAGR of 15.8% during the forecast period. Market revenue growth is supported by mandatory battery collection and return obligations introduced by the EU Battery Regulation, the US IRA battery recycling incentive framework, and equivalent legislation in South Korea, Japan, and China that collectively require EV battery, industrial battery, and portable battery manufacturers to establish and fund reverse logistics networks for used battery collection, safe transport, and delivery to authorised recycling facilities. The EU Battery Regulation Article 59 mandatory collection targets for portable batteries of 45% by weight in 2023, rising to 63% by 2027 and 73% by 2030, are the most stringent statutory collection requirements globally and are creating immediate investment pressure on European OEMs and cell manufacturers.

For instance, in January 2026, Volkswagen AG, Germany, confirmed establishment of a pan-European battery collection network covering 18 EU member states through partnerships with Veolia, Remondis, and Stena Recycling, targeting take-back of end-of-life and warranty return battery packs from Volkswagen Group vehicles at authorised dealer and service partner locations, with the network processing an estimated 4,200 tonnes of battery pack material in 2025 and targeting 28,000 tonnes by 2028 as Volkswagen Group EV volumes mature to end-of-warranty thresholds. These are some of the key factors driving revenue growth of the market.

However, lithium-ion battery transport under UN 3480 and UN 3481 dangerous goods classifications requires certified logistics providers with dedicated vehicle equipment, driver certification, and incident response protocols that increase per-kilogram collection cost by 40% to 80% relative to standard industrial waste logistics, creating cost barriers that prevent the economics of small EV battery returns from working without producer subsidy. The geographic dispersion of end-of-life EV battery returns across hundreds of thousands of dealer, scrapyard, and private owner return points creates collection density challenges that make route optimisation difficult until annual return volumes per collection point exceed threshold levels not reached until 2028 to 2030 in most European markets. These factors substantially limit battery recycling collection and logistics market growth over the forecast period.

Section 02
Segment Insights
EV Battery Packs and Other Revenue Share, 2025
Leading segment drives market value
Application Revenue Share, 2025
End-use distribution 2025
EV battery pack collection segment is expected to account for a significantly large revenue share in the global battery recycling collection and logistics market during the forecast period

Based on battery type, the global battery recycling collection and logistics market is segmented into EV battery pack collection, industrial battery collection, portable battery collection, and two-wheeler and light EV battery collection. The EV battery pack segment commands the largest and fastest-growing revenue share because individual EV battery pack mass of 200 to 700 kilograms generates the highest revenue per collection event, with the dangerous goods logistics premium applied to the full pack mass creating unit collection economics that support dedicated collection route investment at lower collection frequency than portable battery collection.

The portable battery collection segment represents the largest current volume by unit count, with hundreds of millions of small lithium-ion cells from smartphones, laptops, and consumer devices requiring collection annually under EU Battery Regulation Article 59 targets. However, the low value per unit and high geographic dispersion of portable battery return points requires high-density collection infrastructure at retail and waste collection locations that is economically marginal without producer funding obligations.

Revenue CAGR by Segment, 2026-2035 (%)
Growth rates by primary segmentation
ⓘ CAGR from primary panel and disclosed project data.
Section 03
Regional Insights
Revenue Share by Region, 2025 vs. 2035 Forecast (%)
Regional shift driven by gigafactory construction and policy
End-of-Life Asia Pacific — Largest Revenue Share, 2025

Based on regional analysis, the Battery Recycling Collection and Logistics Market market in Asia Pacific accounted for the largest revenue share in 2025. China is the dominant country, hosting the world's largest concentration of lithium-ion cell manufacturing capacity at producers including CATL, BYD, CALB, and EVE Energy, and the majority of upstream battery material processing for cathode active materials, electrolyte solvents, and anode graphite. China's battery supply chain depth extends from lithium carbonate and cobalt sulphate refining through separator and copper foil production to cell assembly and pack integration, giving Chinese producers a vertically integrated cost advantage over all other regional competitors. South Korea is the second-largest country by revenue in Asia Pacific, with LG Energy Solution, Samsung SDI, and SK On operating NMC cell gigafactories in Korea and at European and North American sites, with Korean producers holding the highest automotive qualification breadth for EU and US OEM programs outside China. Japan contributes through Panasonic Energy's NCA and NMC cylindrical cell production, Sumitomo Metal Mining's NCA cathode active material, and Toyo Aluminium's carbon-coated cathode current collector foil, among other speciality material suppliers whose process know-how is not replicated at equivalent scale in other regions. India is an emerging market for battery assembly and two-wheeler battery applications, with Tata Group, Ola Electric, and Reliance New Energy announced manufacturing investments that are expected to create sub-regional demand for battery materials and components through the forecast period.

Europe

The European market is expected to register rapid revenue growth over the forecast period. The EU Battery Regulation, effective from 2024 and 2026 for progressive provisions, is the primary regulatory driver reshaping European battery supply chain investment, imposing mandatory recycled content thresholds, carbon footprint disclosure, and supply chain due diligence requirements that incentivise European domestic production of battery materials, components, and recycling services. Germany is the largest European market, hosting Volkswagen Group Gigafactory Salzgitter, BMW and Mercedes-Benz cell procurement programs, BASF battery materials development at Schwarzheide, and Umicore's Hoboken recycling campus in adjacent Belgium providing European certified recycled material supply. Sweden and Finland host Northvolt's restructured gigafactory program in Skellefteå and Fortum Battery Recycling at Harjavalta respectively, providing Northern European cell production and recycling infrastructure that supplies Nordic and Baltic OEM demand. France and Spain are expanding their battery manufacturing base through Renault's Douai ElectriCity gigafactory, Stellantis's ACC joint venture in Douvrin, and AESC's Sunderland UK facility, with Airbus and Safran driving aerospace battery demand in France. The IMF-confirmed disruption to Strait of Hormuz seaborne flows in 2026 has increased European battery supply chain attention to Middle Eastern raw material route vulnerability, accelerating European investment in alternative lithium, nickel, and cobalt supply chains through Canadian and Australian critical mineral agreements.

North America

The North American market is expected to register rapid revenue growth, driven by IRA Sections 30D, 45X, and 48C incentive provisions that collectively create USD 7,500 per vehicle consumer tax credits, USD 35 per kilowatt-hour cell manufacturing production credits, and investment tax credits for gigafactory capital expenditure that have attracted over USD 80 billion of announced battery manufacturing investment since August 2022. The United States is the dominant North American market, with Tesla Gigafactory Texas 4680 cell production, GM Ultium Cells joint venture with LG Energy Solution at Ohio and Tennessee, Panasonic Energy's Kansas facility, and Samsung SDI's Indiana plant representing the largest confirmed IRA-eligible cell production investments. Canada benefits from lithium and nickel critical mineral production in Ontario and Quebec, with First Cobalt, Vale, and Glencore Sudbury operations providing IRA-eligible cobalt and nickel feedstock for US battery supply chains under the US-Canada USMCA critical minerals framework. Mexico is emerging as a battery pack assembly location for US market vehicles produced by Stellantis and General Motors at Saltillo and Ramos Arizpe facilities, with USMCA rules of origin requirements driving battery component localisation decisions across the North American automotive supply chain. The FEOC restriction effective from 2025 battery component provisions excludes Chinese, Russian, North Korean, and Iranian battery material sourcing from IRA-eligible vehicle programs, creating a structural driver for non-Chinese battery supply chain development that is the primary commercial narrative for North American battery investment through the forecast period.

Latin America

The Latin America market is expected to register moderate revenue growth from a low base, with Chile and Argentina representing the primary battery-relevant economies through their dominant positions in global lithium brine production. Chile holds the world's largest confirmed lithium reserves in the Atacama and Maricunga salars, with SQM and Albemarle producing battery-grade lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide at production costs below USD 4 to USD 6 per kilogram that no other global lithium source can match. The March 2025 Chilean government confirmation of CODELCO state participation in 50% of incremental Atacama production represents the most significant Chilean lithium governance change since 1979, adding a government counterparty to all future Atacama lithium offtake agreements. Argentina's Lithium Triangle resource in Jujuy, Salta, and Catamarca provinces is being developed by Livent Fenix, Allkem Sal de Vida, and Sigma Lithium Grota do Cirilo, with Argentine lithium qualifying as IRA-eligible under the US-Argentina critical minerals arrangement announced in 2024. Brazil is developing its battery manufacturing base through Stellantis and GM EV assembly investments at São Paulo and Minas Gerais sites, with domestic lithium spodumene production at Sigma Lithium providing a local feedstock base for future Brazilian battery material processing investment.

Middle East and Africa

The Middle East and Africa market is expected to register limited revenue growth from a low base, with the DRC representing the region's most significant battery supply chain position through its 73% share of global cobalt mine production. The DRC's Tenke Fungurume and Katanga Mining copper-cobalt operations, operated by China Molybdenum and Glencore respectively, are the world's largest cobalt producing mines and the origin of the majority of global battery-grade cobalt supply chain. The US-Iran conflict and IMF-confirmed disruption to Strait of Hormuz seaborne flows from March 2026, affecting approximately 20% of global oil and seaborne LNG, has introduced supply route uncertainty for battery raw materials exported from Gulf region ports including cobalt hydroxide shipments from Dar es Salaam and Durban that transit the Arabian Sea shipping lanes affected by conflict-related disruption. South Africa holds 70% of global manganese ore reserves, supplying Chinese processing facilities that convert ore to battery-grade manganese sulphate for LMFP and NMC cathode precursor production, with South32 and Anglo American evaluating in-country manganese sulphate conversion to capture higher value from the manganese ore export chain. Morocco and Egypt are developing battery assembly and EV manufacturing capacity targeting European export markets under EU association agreement preferential tariff frameworks, with Renault's Tangier and Stellantis's Kenitra Morocco facilities providing the industrial base for potential battery component supply chain development.

Section 04
Indicative Price Trends
Battery Recycling Collection and Logistics Market Indicative Price Trends, Q2 2025 vs. Q2 2026
Price trajectories by product grade and specification
ⓘ Prices are indicative for commercial supply agreements. Source: Faradex Partners primary panel.
Product / GradeQ2 2025Q2 2026DirectionKey Driver
EV Pack Collection ($/kg DG logistics)1.00.94▼ DecliningMarket dynamics
Portable Battery Collection ($/kg)0.180.17▼ DecliningMarket dynamics
EV Pack Depot Storage ($/kg/mth)0.060.055▼ DecliningMarket dynamics
UN 3480 Premium vs standard (%)6560▼ DecliningMarket dynamics
Industrial Battery Collection ($/kg)0.420.39▼ DecliningMarket dynamics
Section 05
Strategic Developments
January 2026
In January 2026, Volkswagen AG confirmed a pan-European battery collection network across 18 EU member states with Veolia, Remondis, and Stena Recycling, processing 4,200 tonnes of battery pack material in 2025 and targeting 28,000 tonnes by 2028 as VW Group EVs reach end-of-warranty volumes.
October 2025
In October 2025, Stena Recycling, Sweden, announced expansion of its hazardous battery logistics service to cover automotive EV battery packs across Nordic countries plus Germany, Poland, and the Netherlands, adding 14 certified dangerous goods battery pack handling depots and 48 specialised battery transport vehicles.
July 2025
In July 2025, Call2Recycle, United States, reported collection of 16.2 million pounds of rechargeable batteries in 2024 through its 16,000-location US retail and commercial collection network, a 24% increase over 2023, and confirmed partnership with Ford and General Motors for dedicated automotive HV battery collection services.
April 2025
In April 2025, Retriev Technologies, United States, confirmed opening of its second North American lithium-ion battery processing facility in Lancaster, Ohio, with 15,000 tonnes per year of EV battery pack de-manufacturing and pre-processing capacity.
January 2025
In January 2025, the European Environment Agency confirmed that EU member state portable battery collection rates in 2023 ranged from 18% in Romania to 74% in Belgium, indicating that half of EU member states had not yet met the 45% 2023 mandatory collection target.
September 2024
In September 2024, Renault Group and Veolia confirmed a 10-year battery collection and logistics partnership covering end-of-life Renault and Dacia vehicle battery packs across France, Germany, Spain, Italy, and the UK, the first 10-year duration OEM battery logistics outsourcing agreement disclosed in Europe.
Section 06
Competitive Landscape
Competitive Positioning: Market Scale vs. Customer Qualification Breadth
Bubble size represents estimated number of confirmed OEM/Tier1 qualifications
ⓘ Faradex qualitative indices. Source: Faradex Partners Q2 2026.
Stena Recycling
SWEDEN // Dangerous Goods EV Battery Collection and Logistics // Nordic and European network expansion
Stena Recycling is the most geographically extensive dangerous goods EV battery pack logistics operator in Northern Europe, with its October 2025 expansion adding 14 certified battery depots and 48 specialised vehicles across 6 European countries. Its competitive advantage over waste management generalists is its certification infrastructure for UN 3480 Class 9 lithium battery dangerous goods transport combined with existing industrial waste management client relationships that provide preferred access to OEM and dealer network partnerships for battery collection contract tendering.
CompanyCountrySpecialisationPosition / ScaleFaradex Assessment
Stena RecyclingSwedenDG EV battery logistics EU14 depots and 48 vehicles expansionHIGH
VeoliaFranceOEM collection partnershipRenault 10yr and VW partnershipHIGH
Call2RecycleUSARetail collection network16,000 US drop-off locationsHIGH
RemondisGermanyIndustrial battery logisticsVW collection partnerMEDIUM-HIGH
Retriev TechnologiesUSABattery de-manufacturing logistics15,000 tpa Ohio facilityMEDIUM
Li-Cycle LogisticsCanadaCollection to hub routingNorth American routingMEDIUM
Sims LimitedAustraliaBattery collection AustraliaAustralian EV fleet programLOWER
Battery SolutionsUSACommercial collection USB2B industrial batteryLOWER
Stena Recycling Veolia Call2Recycle Remondis Retriev Technologies Li-Cycle Sims Limited Battery Solutions Duesenfeld Redux Recycling
Section 07
Analyst Reviews
MK
Markus Kellner
Senior Analyst, Cell Chemistry & Gigafactory Economics // Faradex Partners
"Volkswagen's partnership with Veolia and the Renault Group's equivalent agreement signal that European OEMs have decided to outsource battery collection rather than build captive reverse logistics networks. Battery collection logistics is not a core automotive competency. But the outsourcing decision creates a dependency on Veolia and Stena to scale collection infrastructure at the pace required by EU mandatory targets, which is faster than those operators have invested in the past. The bottleneck is not OEM willingness to pay. It is the dangerous goods vehicle fleet, driver certification, and depot infrastructure that cannot be procured overnight."
Faradex Partners Primary Panel, EV Battery End-of-Life, Q2 2026
Faradex View
Call2Recycle's 24% collection growth in 2024 is the North American indicator that the battery collection market is scaling ahead of mandatory legislation rather than in response to it. The bigger driver is corporate sustainability commitments from Ford and GM that are contractually obligated through their vehicle recycling programs regardless of regulatory status.
SV
Shreya Venkat
Senior Analyst, Advanced Materials & Battery Recycling // Faradex Partners
"The EU Battery Regulation collection target gap is real and measurable. Half of EU member states did not meet the 45% portable battery collection target in 2023. The 63% target for 2027 is 18 percentage points above where most member states currently operate. The infrastructure investment to close that gap has to be in place within 2 years. That is not enough time to build it from scratch, which means investment is compressed into 2025 and 2026. That compression is the demand surge driving the 15.8% CAGR in this market."
Faradex Partners Primary Panel, Battery Collection Compliance, Q1 2026
Faradex View
The 40% to 80% dangerous goods logistics premium on UN 3480 battery transport is the cost that nobody included in their EV battery recycling business model when they built forward projections in 2021 and 2022. At USD 0.80 to USD 1.20 per kilogram for dangerous goods EV battery collection versus USD 0.30 to USD 0.50 per kilogram for standard industrial waste, the collection cost for a 500 kilogram EV battery pack is USD 400 to USD 600. The EU Battery Regulation producer responsibility provisions require the OEM to cover it.
Section 08
Key Questions Answered
  • 01What is the global battery recycling collection and logistics market size in 2025 and what CAGR is expected during 2026-2035?
  • 02What EU Battery Regulation portable battery collection targets apply in 2023, 2027, and 2030 and how many EU member states met the 45% 2023 target?
  • 03What dangerous goods classification applies to lithium-ion battery transport under UN 3480 and UN 3481 and what logistics cost premium does this impose?
  • 04What pan-European battery collection network has Volkswagen AG established and with which logistics partners across 18 EU member states?
  • 05What is Stena Recycling's October 2025 expansion scope and how many certified depots and specialised vehicles were added?
  • 06How does Call2Recycle's 16,000-location US retail collection network operate and what volume of rechargeable batteries did it collect in 2024?
  • 07What 10-year OEM battery logistics partnership has Renault Group confirmed with Veolia and which European countries does it cover?
  • 08At what annual EV battery return volume per collection point do collection route economics become viable without producer subsidy?
  • 09How does the geographic dispersion of end-of-life EV battery returns create collection density challenges not resolved until 2028 to 2030?
  • 10What US state Extended Producer Responsibility programs for battery collection are driving voluntary OEM investment ahead of federal legislation?
Section 09
Table of Contents
01. Market Synopsis p.12
02. Industry Trends p.26
03. Restraints p.38
04. Primary Segment p.50
05. Secondary Segment p.62
06. Application Segment p.74
07. Regional Insights p.84
08. Price Trends p.112
09. Strategic Developments p.118
10. Competitive Landscape p.128
11. Profiles p.138
12. Analyst Reviews p.148
13. Key Questions p.151
14. Scope p.159
Section 10
Scope of Research

This report covers the global battery recycling collection and logistics market across all major segments and geographic regions. Primary research combines panel conversations with industry experts and is cross-referenced against company annual reports and government agency data. All market size figures use 2025 as the base year with a 2026-2035 forecast period.

FDX-EOL-012  // Q2 2026
Battery Recycling Collection and Logistics Market
158 pages  |  PDF + Excel
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Report Scope
Base Year: 2025
Forecast: 2026-2035
Pages: 158
4 segmentation bases
5 regions
10+ companies profiled
7 charts
PDF + Excel delivery
No syndicated sources
Table of Contents
01. Market Synopsis p.12
02. Industry Trends p.26
03. Restraints p.38
04. Primary Segment p.50
05. Secondary Segment p.62
06. Application Segment p.74
07. Regional Insights p.84
08. Price Trends p.112
09. Strategic Developments p.118
10. Competitive Landscape p.128
11. Profiles p.138
12. Analyst Reviews p.148
13. Key Questions p.151
14. Scope p.159